Pieteo ambjoen spares



P. A; 'SPARRE.

} Signalling Apparatus; I No. 79,271. I Patented-June 23,.1868.

PIETRO'AMBJORN SPARRE, 0F STOGKIIOLM, SWEDEN.

Letters Patent No. 79,271, dated June 23, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN TRANSMITTING SIGNALS.

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Be it known that I, Plnrno AMBJORN, OountSrAnnn, of Stockholm, Sweden, at present residing in Paris, in the Empire of France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Transmitting Signals; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact descriptien of the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.

My improvements relate to the transmission of signals, by means of a column of air acting on a disk or diaphragm. The said column of air may be contained or held in diil'erentmanners; but I prefer making use of a round pipe, varying in here according to the distances, and I will mention a bore of one-eighth to threeeighths of an inch as sufiieient for transmitting signals to a distance of twelve hundred yards. For the compression of this column of air, and for forcing the same against an air-tight diaphragm, I make use of a cylinder in caoutchouc or other elastic substance, adapted to the extremity of the transmitting-apparatus, and I .place a disk or elastic diaphragm on the receiving-apparatus, which is acted on by the air compressed in the transmittingapparatus; consequently, at each compression, the said elastic diaphragm is raised, and it reassumes its former shape on the cessation of the said pressure, and it is thisalternate elevation and depression of the diaphragm which I make use of for the transmission of signals. v

I have represented in the four figures of the accompanying sheet of drawings a complete system of apparatus, composed of a transmitting-apparatus and a receiving-apparatus, connected by means of a service-tube.

The transmitting-apparatus is represented in a front elevation, with the lid removed, in Figure 1, and in a lateral sectional elevation, through the line A A, fig. 1, at Figure 2; and the receiving-apparatus is seen in front elevation, with the front plate removed, in Figure 3, and an end view of same is shown in Figure 4.

The principal organ. in each of these apparatus consists in a metallic air-tight bok, a a, closed at the top by means of a lid of diaphragm of caoutchouc, and in each of which is attached one end of the counecting-tpbe b. In this state it will be clearly understood that the comprossion'of 'one of these lids will cause the elevation of the other, and vice verse. I will nowdeseribe the mechanism I make use of to client these results, and to make them available for the transmission of signals.

The transmitting-apparatus, figs. 1 and 2, is composed of a case, in metal or other appropriate substance, 0 c, in which is placed the box a, covered with its diaphragm, in whichbox the compression of the air is effected by means of the disk cl, acted on from without by pressure on the step e. These different pieces are guided in their alternating movement by the stand 3", supporting the bolt g, which serves to connect the disk to the stop. The air thus expelled from the transmitting-box is driven into that of the receiver a, the elastic diaphragm of which, in rising, causes the bell k to ring, in the following manner: I ailix on the disk d a toothed rack, 2', gearing in the pinion j, which is connected with the escapement-gear ltby means of the ratchet-wheel l, which is made fast with the pinion and the catch m. The rising of the rack thus causes this wheel 7:: to rotate and strike the hell by means of the escapement 71. Through the action of the ratchet-wheel, when the diaphragm descends, the rack, aided, if necessary, by the spring 0, also descends to its first position without'causing the bell to ring. The equilibrium is then established between the two atmospheric boxes, which are thus in a proper state to transmit and receive afresh.

An apparatus thus constructed will be suilicient to transmit a simple signal from one place to another; but in order that the receiving-oflice may send signals to thetransmitting one, either to confirm the reception or for any other purpose, I add to the transmitting-apparatus a visible sign, which disappears from view at the moment of transmission, and by the act of transmitting, and which can only be made to reappear by the working of the receiver, and I add to the receiver in the first place a sign, which, contrary to that of the transmitter, only becomes apparent by the transmission of the signal, and, secondly, a stop, acting by compression on the diaphragm, by the action of which the receiver first displaces his own sign, and causes at the same time that of the transmitter to appear. v

p is the transmitting-sign, which is marked on a plate, 11, and visible through the opening 19 made in the box. When transmission is effected, this sign is caused to disappear by the rotation of the cylinder 10 to. hich it is ai'fixed, and this is eil'ected by means of the lever q, articulated at q, one extremity of which is fitted in the bolt g, the movements of which it'is forced to follow, whilstits upper end terminates in a fine point working i in a curvilinear slot cut in the cylinder p, (see dotted lines, fig. 2.) A spring, 1', attached by one of its cxtreznities to the lever, whilst its other extremity is held under a fixed point, 11, serves to bring back this lever and 7 its accessory parts at the required moment. As soon as this lever is depressed, it is maintained in this position by a little hook,'-s', attached to the'spring s, which falls back on the descent of the lever 51, and, then returning to its original position, presents a momentary obstacle to the rise of the said lever.

The receiver is provided with a sign, (say, the number 4,) marked on a plate, t, hinged at t to its case, and which, when at rest, assumes the position indicated by the red lines in fig. 3. In order to displace this sign when the message is received, I ailix to the rack i a square, u, provided at its top part with a little pin, u, which serves as a stop to the plate t. When the rack, and consequently the square, it, rises, the plate is suddenly dis. engaged and falls, impelled by the spring u into the position indicated in fig. 3, where the number 4 is'seen through a window made in the case. When this has taken place, and the bell has been rung, the person thus apprised confirms the reception of the signal by pressing on thestop 1), which action causes the sign pot the transmitting-apparatus to become visible, while it displaces its own, 4. To accomplish this, the stem of the stopv is provided with two inclined planes 2) mounted on either face of it, which, coming in contact with the inclined planes 0 mounted on the disk (1', depresses this latter, and,by the compression of the air in the box,

raises the disk 02 of the transmitting-apparatus, and, when this effect is produced, a little inclined plane, 8 fixed to the disk, on rising, discngages the spring and hook s s from the lever and thus liberates the lever q, allowing the latter to return immediately to its place, and bringing back the sign 1; under the opcningp. The stem of the stop 21 is also provided at its back with an inclined plane, 21 represented by dotted lines, which, acting on a little flap formed in the plate t, (equally represented in dotted lines,) raises the latter until it becomes again fixed in its position of rest, as shown in the red lines at fig. 3.-

When, instead of a series of strokes, a single stroke on thebell is suificient, the mechanism above described is considerably diminished, by the suppression of the racks, the toothed wheels, the catch, and the escapement, which I replace by a projection mounted on the disk, whichacts on the hammer of the bell, hung in the ordinary manner, and articulated so that it shall cause the bell tobestruck in rising, while at its down stroke this projection, turning on its axis, will ellect no action on the bell.

It will be easily understood from this explanation that my new apparatus, consisting in conduits, terminating byltlie diaphragms, as above described, can readily be used for other purposes, and specially to replace with advantage the action'of electricity, such as, for instance, to transmit the indication of time from one regulating-clock or time-piece to as many others as might be desired, in which case it is only necessary to supply these clocks with the usual minute and hour-gearing, and with a ratchet-wheel of sixty teeth, it the transmission is to take place every minute, and one hundred and twenty teeth, it transmitted every half minute,

am so on in re ortion and tocause the're ulatin -clock to do ress a transmittin -disk ut in communication P v i g a P a: with as many receiving-disks as there are clocks, and the elevation of Which latter would cause theadvance of.

a single tooth.

Instead of an elastic cover adapted to my atmospheric boxes, I propose to make use of a flexible air-tight material, such as leather, and, if necessary, to assist its rising, after depression, by means of a small plate or disk placed within the box, and impelled slightly towards the cover by springs, which latter arrangement may also, under certain circumstances, be advantageously applied to boxes covered with elastic diaphragms.

Having now explained my improvements, and the best means I am acquainted with for putting-the same into practice, I claim i I 1. The disk d, in combination with the stop a, standf, and bolt 9, as'described.

2. The rack z, in combination with the pinion j, connected with the gear 70, by means of the ratchet-wheel Z, in connection with the catch m, escapement n, and springo, as described.

3. The plate 1;, aflixed to the cylinder n", in combination with the lever q, spring 1', hook s, and spring s,

as described. i

4. The plate t, hinged to its case, as shown at t, in combination with the rack 2', square, u, pin u, and spring 10 as described. l I

5. The stop 1), mounted on the disk cl, in combination with the inclined planes 2; 1: v hook s, and spring s, as described, to operate substantially as hcrein set forth.

In Witness whereof, I, the said PIETRO Amman, Count SPARRE,-have hereunto set my hand and seal to the above specification of my invention. this first day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.

P. A. SPARRE. [L. s.]

Witnesses HENRY CHAPMAN, Gno. Monnno. 

